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亿丰彩票2023-07-27

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

亿丰彩票

地方两会密集点题促消费 今年消费有望明显好转******

  本报记者 孟 珂

  见习记者 韩 昱

  近段时间,地方两会密集召开。多地在政府工作报告中将促消费列为2023年重点工作。

  接受《证券日报》记者采访的多位专家表示,在海外主要经济体经济下行风险加大的情况下,2023年我国经济稳健增长将更多依靠内需驱动,其中消费将起到至关重要的作用。随着各地密集部署促消费相关举措,2023年我国消费有望出现明显好转。

  多地拼经济

  重点“瞄准”促消费

  2022年12月份召开的中央经济工作会议提出,要把恢复和扩大消费摆在优先位置。增强消费能力,改善消费条件,创新消费场景。多渠道增加城乡居民收入,支持住房改善、新能源汽车、养老服务等消费。

  近期多地将恢复和扩大消费列为2023年工作重点,并作出了具体的工作安排。

  例如,安徽芜湖市在2023年政府工作报告中提出重点做好八个方面工作,其中提及要“促进消费持续回暖。增强消费对经济发展的基础性作用,多措并举提升居民收入和消费能力”,并提出要“通过推动供给创新培育消费新增长点,促进聚集性、接触性消费加快恢复。做活线上消费平台,建设新型消费网络节点,网络零售额实现700亿元,增长14%”。

  山东济南市在2023年政府工作报告中提出,要“促进消费恢复扩大。积极对标建设国际消费中心城市,着力提高省会消费能级和吸引力”“保持汽车、家电等大宗消费稳定增长”,并提出要“新引进知名首店、品牌店、旗舰店50家以上,促进‘老字号’创新发展”。

  星图金融研究院高级研究员付一夫对《证券日报》记者表示,从宏观经济视角来看,当前随着海外主要经济体经济衰退风险加剧,我国出口亦有所承压,此时需要政策端快速释放内需空间,以强化经济增长动力,消费的重要性进一步凸显。

  “消费作为最终需求,是畅通国内大循环的关键环节和重要引擎,对经济具有持久拉动力,事关保障和改善民生。”中国国际经济交流中心经济研究部副部长刘向东在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示,当前各地把恢复和扩大消费摆在优先位置,将有助于更好统筹供给侧结构性改革和扩大内需,使消费潜力充分释放出来,发挥消费对经济循环的牵引带动作用。与此同时,扩大消费还能帮助增加居民收入,提振市场信心,引导经济进入正反馈的良性循环,切实发挥出消费支出对经济增长的基础性支撑作用。

  提高居民收入

  恢复消费需求

  业内人士认为,2022年我国消费市场总体表现较为疲弱。国家统计局数据显示,2022年11月份,社会消费品零售总额38615亿元,同比下降5.9%;2022年1月份至11月份,社会消费品零售总额399190亿元,同比下降0.1%。

  在民生银行首席经济学家温彬看来,此前制约消费恢复的因素主要是线下消费场景受限、居民消费能力减弱以及居民消费意愿低迷。不过随着疫情防控措施持续优化,消费场景不断修复,线下接触性、聚集性消费将会逐渐恢复。同时,在稳增长政策支持下,经济将实现温和复苏,带动就业扩大和居民收入增加,从而增强居民消费能力和消费意愿。

  刘向东表示,要增强消费能力,改善消费条件,创新消费场景,就要多渠道增加居民收入,提升居民消费能力和意愿,稳定和优化多样化的消费场景。比如,可以加快高速公路(含服务区)、国省干线、农村公路,特别是旅游公路沿线充电基础设施布局建设,支持居民社区、小区等停车场安装充电桩,发挥充电基础设施的网络效应,吸引更多消费者购置新能源汽车。出台新一轮汽车、家电下乡和“以旧换新”补贴政策,引导居民加快汽车、家电等大宗消费品的更新换代。

  事实上,不少地方政府已在相关方面部署了具体措施。比如,1月3日,河南省发布《大力提振市场信心促进经济稳定向好政策措施》,提出鼓励各地出台促进汽车消费的惠民政策,将购车补贴政策延续至2023年3月底,对在省内新购汽车按购车价格的5%给予消费者补贴,最高不超过10000元/台,省、市级财政各补贴一半;鼓励各地对智能电子产品和家用电器产品消费进行补贴或开展以旧换新促销活动,将省财政对各地实际财政补贴支出按不超过30%给予奖补政策延续至2023年3月底。

  在付一夫看来,恢复消费需求,要从提高居民收入着手,从而达到提振信心的作用。需要继续切实推动就业市场稳定,以确保居民有稳定的收入来源。同时,可以继续为中小微企业纾困解难,缓解市场主体的经营压力,继而稳定就业岗位。

  “还可以考虑针对特定行业发放消费券,有利于在降低消费者消费成本、增加消费意愿的同时,带动行业回暖。”付一夫进一步表示。(证券日报)

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